The cancer gene " The password " Decipher and accelerate

The cancer gene " The password " Decipher and accelerate
The cancer gene " The password " Decipher and accelerate
Staff reporter Li TianShu Tumour is that OK " Rise " Come out? Scientific circles thinks, lie in the mutation of the gene after all. Some " bad " Sudden change act tumour " Manufacturer " Role,and researcher be for keyed to be dreamt of. A few days ago, the international cancer genome was jointly planned to participate in one of the units, researcher of one dose of research institutes mulberry of British Cambridge University Wellcome foundation's announcing, they successively decoded all genetic passwords of lung cancer, skin carcinoma and breast cancer, and draw out the corresponding genetic atlas of tumour. The international cancer genome established in June of 2008 unites the plan, participating in the research institution by a plurality of countries and cooperation of dividing the work, it is estimated that finished this grand plan in 10. Sang Ge to take the lead in research institute " Breast the tape " ,Let scientific circles see that analyse and explain a gleam of secret dawn of gene mutation ahead of time. China is responsible for " The stomach " In the international cancer genome unites the plan, China is responsible for the research work of gastric carcinoma. One of the project participants, Yan JiangWei, Assistant Researcher of Ins of genome of Beijing,Academia Sinica, tell reporters, with the harmony of China's genetic examining order, the gastric carcinoma gene " password " of China It is expected to finish to decipher the work ahead of time too. Yan JiangWei points out, the human genome is very huge in quantity, it is almost impossible to finish checking order by a country or independent laboratory, it is very huge and spend, so need global cooperation. For this reason, Britain has taken the lead in initiating the international cancer genome and uniting the plan, and get the positive responses of a plurality of countries. 9 countries participate in this plan at present, it is Britain, China, U.S.A., Australia, Canada, France, India, Japan and Singapore respectively. Different countries are responsible for different cancers such as Japan is responsible for decoding the genome of the liver cancer cell, India is responsible for oral cavity cancer, U.S.A. is responsible for brain cancer, ovarian cancer and pancreas cancer,etc.. Researchers hope to utilize the advanced, fast gene order-checking new technology, detailed research is 50 kinds of cancers of different classes, found all gene mutation phenomena correlated to cancer, draw out the comparatively intact carcinogenic gene mutation atlas finally. According to the introduction of Yan JiangWei, at home, this job is resolved into two parts. A part is collection of case and epidemiology reasearch project, led by tumour hospital of Peking University, a plurality of medical organizations participate in; Another part is the examining order and genetic analysis, divided the work to finish by Ins of genome of Beijing,Academia Sinica and big genetic research institute of China. Why choose China to be responsible for this job of gastric carcinoma, the person in charge of the project explains, China is a gastric carcinoma big country, have already done the reasearch project of epidemiology for many years in some places, can collect to the abundant effective sample amount rapidly. Yan JiangWei says, these research results will share in the international cancer genome. Gene mutation " Make " The British mulberry of tumour plans one of the persons in charge Professor Straton to point out in one dose of research institutes, cancer is the most common genetic disease. The emergence of all cancers, all stem from DNA (DNA) Abnormal state of the array. Though different cancers have different inducements and symptoms, can all be explained through gene mutation. The scholar points out, the gene will be duplicated constantly, then morph, but will present the mistake while duplicated, some mistakes will not cause great influence, but some mistakes will cause the disaster. This is complicated traffic system, the countless roads form the road system as fine as a spider's web, but always present the traffic accident, some traffic accidents will be got rid of soon, some will cause and block up, even cause the traffic to be paralysed. Researcher Campbell of Sang Ge research institute who presides over the genome of lung cancer and studies points out, having included 23,000 mutation genes in the cancer cell genome of lung, the gene including 33,000 mutation in skin carcinoma. In fact, most mutation genes have no harm, but in some " bad " Variation emergence hour,last production tumour. Campbell say as everyone knows, lung cancer and smoke in close relations, even research shows, every 15 cigarettes will cause the lung to organize a genetic mutation in cells. Which variation but you do not know, cause the production of lung cancer directly. For this reason, researchers have drawn some lung cancer patients' tissue, draw the lung tissues of some healthy ones at the same time, where then through high and sensitive genetic mutation detector, verify different changes between health cells and tumour cells. A research that publishes on Nature points out, researchers will stimulate those healthy cells, it is how to see them to happen mutant. In fact, increasingly much research shows, disease that the single genetic mutation causes that cancer is not, each kind of cancer includes a large number of ones that are caused by different kinds of genetic mutations are not left with the inferior kind, need treating to the ill separately. So, the genetic atlas of cancer plans researchers to need to check order to thousands of cancer genes. Though optimistic some researchers think that still apply to clinically very far, the relevant achievement not only appears in the laboratory, but also will be used in clinic soon. But China medicine institute tumour hospital Professor Wang ChengFeng points out, this research really benefits clinically, also need to overcome a lot of key technology and method, there are long ways in the research and development of genomic medicine to go. Analyse and explain the genes of lung cancer, skin carcinoma and breast cancer, let Straton and researcher find finally, the tumours of these pathological changes, it was a lot of confused genetic mistakes that cause. For example, the production of lung cancer and skin carcinoma looks that a variation gene substantially as deriving like messy yard is haunting, breast cancer is much more complicated. In the course of decoding the gene sequence of breast cancer, the gene sequence that the researcher finds it countless and ruptures and reconfigures. This makes breast cancer seem it is not a kind of disease, but is a set of the potential disease of 20 multi-type - -Because different associations probably cause different results. Symptoms are different, therapeutic method should not be the same either. Recently, American Harvard Medical School attaches to the scientist of institute of oncology of unexpected turn of of that red law to publish the article and claim on " natural medical science " magazine, they find two kinds of gene mutation will let commonly used anthracene rings resist breast cancer medicine and fail. This briefs on too, when the patient detect these two kinds of gene mutation, treating the tactics needs changing. This break-through will save several hundred people's life every year. Yan JiangWei points out, researchers hope through drawing the atlas, set up all catalogues of sudden change of cancer in fact. In this way, when researchers are in the face of cancer, do not need only directing against the single disease, but through the catalogue, try to locate by following up a clue, find the method of the corrective gene. For example find the key gene of mutation of tumour cell, repair, replace the gene, make it " bad " Gene turn into " It is good " Gene. More important, when it has close relations with a certain cancer that it is clicked that scientific research personnel lock some key genetic location, through being checked and monitors the sieve of the high-risk group, can judge what kind of genetic mutation take place, then take corresponding genomic medicine, can get the treatment. As to this, Yan JiangWei thinks, this will bring a revolution for preventing, diagnosing and treating in cancer, open the new era in which individual treated cancer.


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